花生中期管理非常重要
花生中期管理非常重要
花生中期管理包括及時澆水、培土迎果針、病蟲害防治、調控生長四個方麵。當花生種子經過嚴格的種子質量刪選過後,就可以對其進行機播。其中種子質量刪選包括用真空數粒置種儀或者真空數種置床儀測定其發芽率,真空數種置床儀是種子發芽率實驗中使用最為頻繁的一款種子品質檢驗儀器,用數粒儀測ce定ding花hua生sheng種zhong子zi的de千qian粒li重zhong,隻zhi有you符fu合he一yi定ding條tiao件jian的de花hua生sheng種zhong子zi,才cai能neng用yong於yu農nong業ye生sheng產chan,種zhong子zi淨jing度du工gong作zuo台tai對dui種zhong子zi淨jing度du進jin行xing詳xiang細xi的de分fen析xi等deng等deng。當dang經jing過guo這zhe些xie參can數shu的de種zhong種zhong考kao驗yan之zhi後hou,我wo們men就jiu可ke以yi將jiang種zhong子zi投tou入ru生sheng產chan,因yin為wei這zhe些xie種zhong子zi已yi經jing滿man足zu了le一yi定ding的de要yao求qiu,並bing且qie在zai正zheng常chang情qing況kuang下xia,能neng夠gou保bao證zheng一yi定ding的de花hua生sheng產chan量liang。
下麵就是播種後的管理問題。其中及時澆水是指花生生長過程中有2geduishuifenyaoqiushifenzhongyaohefeichangmingandeshiqi,jikaihuaxiazhenqihejiejiaqi。miaoqiyibanbujiaoshui,ruokaihuaxiazhenqiganhan,faxianyepianfanbaichuxianweinianshi,yinglijiguangourunlong,zuihaozuodaodashuimanguan,shishuiyanzhehuashengzhizhushentoudaodimoxiafang,quebaokaihua、果針及時入土結實。結莢期幹旱,不僅能夠影響莢果和子仁發育,而且能夠出現花生黃曲黴毒素汙染,因此需要滿足花生對水分的需求;但應避免大水漫灌,提倡噴灌,並且噴灌的水滴越細越好,噴灌的時間在8:00以前和16:00以後,以地麵濕潤為止,確保有效結果數和莢果充分膨大。培土迎果是指針壟邊距花生植株10cm,且(qie)壟(long)邊(bian)呈(cheng)斜(xie)坡(po)型(xing),花(hua)生(sheng)植(zhi)株(zhu)距(ju)壟(long)邊(bian)的(de)果(guo)針(zhen)在(zai)下(xia)紮(zha)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),非(fei)常(chang)容(rong)易(yi)沿(yan)著(zhe)斜(xie)坡(po)下(xia)紮(zha)到(dao)壟(long)溝(gou)中(zhong)。下(xia)紮(zha)過(guo)程(cheng)長(chang),營(ying)養(yang)浪(lang)費(fei)嚴(yan)重(zhong),結(jie)果(guo)不(bu)集(ji)中(zhong),生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理(li)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)容(rong)易(yi)拉(la)傷(shang)果(guo)針(zhen)或(huo)莢(jia)果(guo)。開(kai)花(hua)結(jie)束(shu)後(hou)果(guo)針(zhen)未(wei)入(ru)土(tu)前(qian),可(ke)用(yong)扶(fu)土(tu)犁(li)沿(yan)花(hua)生(sheng)溝(gou)將(jiang)溝(gou)中(zhong)土(tu)均(jun)勻(yun)漲(zhang)到(dao)壟(long)邊(bian)斜(xie)坡(po)上(shang),保(bao)證(zheng)果(guo)針(zhen)及(ji)時(shi)接(jie)觸(chu)到(dao)土(tu)壤(rang)。同(tong)時(shi)為(wei)以(yi)後(hou)的(de)抗(kang)旱(han)排(pai)澇(lao)打(da)下(xia)基(ji)礎(chu)。病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)指(zhi)對(dui)褐(he)斑(ban)病(bing)和(he)黑(hei)斑(ban)病(bing)、網斑病,隻要在適時的時候噴灑恰當的農藥,就能夠及時預防這些植物病變,而蟲害主要發生在7-8月份,棉鈴蟲、金龜子、蠐qi螬cao也ye都dou有you相xiang應ying的de應ying對dui措cuo施shi,我wo們men主zhu要yao做zuo好hao一yi定ding的de保bao衛wei措cuo施shi,就jiu能neng夠gou大da大da避bi免mian這zhe種zhong蟲chong害hai的de發fa生sheng。調tiao控kong生sheng長chang是shi指zhi采cai用yong化hua控kong技ji術shu,協xie調tiao莖jing葉ye生sheng長chang和he莢jia果guo生sheng長chang的de關guan係xi。



