棚室溫度對黃瓜生理的影響
棚室溫度對黃瓜生理的影響
水、溫、氣、reshihuangguashengchangfayudejibentiaojian,queyibuke。erbaohudizaipeisuojiejuedezhuyaoshiwenduwenti,jitongguoriguangwenshihedapeng,weihuangguashengchangchuangzaoleshiyidewenduhuanjing。renheyizhongzuowudeshengchang,douyouqishihedetiaojian,erhuanjingyinzidekongzhi,shifeichangzhongyaodefangmian。dapengzhongzhijiushizaizhezhongxuqiuxiachanshengde。mianduikebiandehuanjingyinzi,womenkeyijiezhu溫度照度記錄儀,隨時測定環境的溫度和照度,並進行相應的調節。另外,自記式雨量計、風向風速監測儀也(ye)是(shi)在(zai)氣(qi)象(xiang)監(jian)測(ce)中(zhong)經(jing)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)到(dao)的(de)一(yi)些(xie)儀(yi)器(qi)。氣(qi)象(xiang)檢(jian)測(ce)在(zai)農(nong)業(ye)中(zhong)占(zhan)據(ju)不(bu)可(ke)撼(han)動(dong)的(de)地(di)位(wei),其(qi)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing),已(yi)經(jing)被(bei)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)人(ren)認(ren)可(ke)。這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)這(zhe)幾(ji)年(nian)氣(qi)象(xiang)檢(jian)測(ce)發(fa)展(zhan)迅(xun)速(su)的(de)原(yuan)因(yin)所(suo)在(zai)。可(ke)是(shi),棚(peng)室(shi)內(nei)的(de)溫(wen)度(du)高(gao)低(di)差(cha)距(ju)較(jiao)大(da),而(er)黃(huang)瓜(gua)的(de)需(xu)溫(wen)基(ji)本(ben)是(shi)規(gui)律(lv)性(xing)的(de),在(zai)溫(wen)度(du)不(bu)適(shi)宜(yi)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),黃(huang)瓜(gua)就(jiu)不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)生(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)育(yu),出(chu)現(xian)一(yi)些(xie)生(sheng)理(li)性(xing)的(de)溫(wen)度(du)障(zhang)礙(ai),即(ji)生(sheng)理(li)性(xing)病(bing)害(hai)。
1.tuchang。gaowengaoshishidaozhituchangdezhuyaoyinsu。miaoqiyixingchenggaojiaomiao,zaochengjiejianchang,yidaofu,huayafenhuabuliang,jieguoxiaoershou。zaishucaishengchangqineiketongguocaiyongtongfeng、遮陽網、降溫劑、噴水、薄膜上蓋草簾、潑泥漿等措施達到降溫的目的,而在北牆體上設置通風口降溫效果更好。黃瓜苗期適宜溫度,白天為25~28℃,夜間為13~15℃。結瓜期白天為28~32℃,夜間為13~17℃。在此範圍內溫度以較低為好。2.生長抑製。黃瓜的生長期內,如果長時間處於35℃yishangshi,guanghezuoyongjiangnanyijinxing,jihuxizuoyongdayuguanghezuoyong,yejiushishuozhizaodeyangfenburuxiaohaodeduo。dangyewenguogaoshi,huxixiaohaogengshijulie,huangguachangshiruo,yizaoshuai,chanliangdi。3.畸ji形xing瓜gua。由you於yu高gao溫wen導dao致zhi光guang呼hu吸xi加jia劇ju,光guang合he產chan物wu的de製zhi造zao和he運yun輸shu受shou阻zu,有you機ji營ying養yang供gong應ying量liang減jian少shao,幼you瓜gua難nan以yi坐zuo住zhu。大da瓜gua生sheng長chang不bu良liang,容rong易yi產chan生sheng細xi腰yao瓜gua和he尖jian頭tou瓜gua。多duo種zhong畸ji形xing瓜gua增zeng多duo,使shi質zhi量liang和he商shang品pin性xing顯xian著zhu降jiang低di。4.缺素症。高溫使土壤的蒸發量加大,葉片的蒸騰加強,由於土壤幹旱,供水不足,各種元素如磷、鈣移動性差,容易出現生理性缺磷、缺鈣問題。另外,也能引起頂部葉片缺鐵、缺鋅而黃化現象。5.葉片灼傷。高溫低濕強光照的情況下,葉片易出現葉肉細胞壞死,“幹邊”的現象,特別是當植株遭受了寒害和凍害以後,一旦遇到高溫和強光照,葉片必然迅速失水,葉片上出現大麵積的魚鱗狀白幹斑。注意:此症狀不能診斷為細菌性葉枯病。6.藥害。中午前後的高溫時段噴藥很容易產生藥害,雖然溫度較高時藥效發揮迅速,但是也容易發生藥害。如DDV、異丙威成分的殺蟲劑,嘧黴胺、菌核淨、乙磷鋁一類的殺菌劑。



