城市園林建設的病害防治
我國城市園林存在著以下的特點:1)植物種類繁多,地形條件複雜,呈現局部複雜環境,因此植物之間的種群關係相對混亂。2)市shi郊jiao的de果guo樹shu林lin以yi及ji農nong作zuo物wu和he城cheng市shi園yuan林lin相xiang距ju不bu遠yuan,因yin此ci城cheng市shi園yuan林lin的de病bing蟲chong害hai相xiang對dui複fu雜za,不bu僅jin具ju有you自zi身shen的de常chang見jian病bing蟲chong害hai,還hai包bao括kuo農nong作zuo物wu或huo者zhe果guo林lin傳chuan染ran過guo來lai的de病bing蟲chong害hai,所suo以yi病bing蟲chong害hai種zhong類lei較jiao多duo。3)城市園林的人為活動較為頻繁,因此綠地係統難以穩定。4)對(dui)城(cheng)市(shi)園(yuan)林(lin)進(jin)行(xing)病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi),往(wang)往(wang)會(hui)因(yin)為(wei)人(ren)口(kou)密(mi)集(ji)導(dao)致(zhi)一(yi)些(xie)化(hua)學(xue)滅(mie)蟲(chong)劑(ji)不(bu)能(neng)夠(gou)大(da)範(fan)圍(wei)使(shi)用(yong),需(xu)要(yao)防(fang)範(fan)對(dui)環(huan)境(jing)以(yi)及(ji)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)的(de)自(zi)身(shen)安(an)全(quan)。
根據城市園林本身所具備的特點,需要遵循下麵幾個原則,1)必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)遵(zun)循(xun)生(sheng)態(tai)原(yuan)理(li),要(yao)考(kao)慮(lv)園(yuan)林(lin)植(zhi)物(wu)以(yi)及(ji)病(bing)蟲(chong)和(he)天(tian)地(di)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)關(guan)係(xi),綜(zong)合(he)防(fang)治(zhi)就(jiu)是(shi)要(yao)積(ji)極(ji)調(tiao)動(dong)有(you)利(li)於(yu)園(yuan)林(lin)生(sheng)長(chang),天(tian)敵(di)和(he)害(hai)蟲(chong)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)平(ping)衡(heng);2)要遵循城市生態係統的原則,要充分考慮城市生態係統個組成部分之間的關係,根據不同的主體來進行綜合防治,從而提升有利於人、園林植物和天敵共存的環境;3)yaokexuedeshiyongfangzhiyaowu,yinweixianzaiyoudehuaxuenongyaozaifangzhideguochengzhong,cunzaishadiyiqianzisunbabaidewenti,ruguoyaogenghaodeweihuhetishengchengshiyuanlindejianzhuangxing,jiuyinggaitongguokexuedemiehai,zaibusunshangzijihuanjingdeqiantixiashiyonghuaxueyaowu,laidadaomiehaidexiaoguo。
抗kang病bing害hai首shou先xian得de建jian立li很hen好hao的de植zhi物wu生sheng長chang環huan境jing,避bi免mian那na些xie沒mei有you天tian敵di的de害hai蟲chong進jin入ru城cheng市shi園yuan林lin,而er我wo國guo城cheng市shi園yuan林lin植zhi物wu種zhong類lei繁fan多duo,而er且qie也ye有you來lai自zi全quan國guo甚shen至zhi是shi世shi界jie各ge地di的de植zhi物wu,因yin此ci在zai引yin入ru到dao本ben地di時shi,需xu要yao對dui這zhe些xie植zhi物wu進jin行xing嚴yan格ge的de檢jian疫yi,防fang範fan那na些xie沒mei有you天tian敵di的de害hai蟲chong進jin入ru園yuan區qu,通tong過guo檢jian疫yi這zhe道dao關guan卡ka則ze能neng夠gou將jiang這zhe些xie存cun在zai潛qian在zai危wei險xian的de病bing蟲chong害hai苗miao木mu拒ju之zhi於yu千qian裏li之zhi外wai。化hua學xue法fa現xian在zai是shi城cheng市shi園yuan林lin植zhi物wu害hai蟲chong防fang治zhi比bi較jiao常chang用yong的de方fang法fa,因yin為wei化hua學xue法fa見jian效xiao快kuai,覆fu蓋gai麵mian廣guang,效xiao率lv高gao,但dan是shi也ye存cun在zai著zhe一yi些xie缺que陷xian,現xian在zai市shi場chang上shang一yi些xie化hua學xue農nong藥yao雖sui然ran能neng夠gou對dui害hai蟲chong有you著zhe很hen強qiang的de殺sha滅mie性xing,但dan是shi對dui於yu這zhe些xie害hai蟲chong的de天tian敵di也ye有you較jiao強qiang的de殺sha滅mie性xing,同tong時shi還hai可ke能neng汙wu染ran到dao人ren居ju環huan境jing,因yin此ci在zai使shi用yong化hua學xue防fang治zhi法fa時shi需xu要yao綜zong合he考kao慮lv生sheng態tai係xi統tong,選xuan擇ze科ke技ji含han量liang高gao的de化hua學xue農nong藥yao,也ye就jiu是shi對dui環huan境jing破po壞huai小xiao,對dui天tian敵di損sun害hai小xiao的de安an全quan化hua學xue農nong藥yao。
城cheng市shi園yuan林lin植zhi物wu的de茁zhuo壯zhuang成cheng長chang,有you利li於yu城cheng市shi環huan境jing的de改gai善shan,有you利li於yu現xian代dai綠lv色se城cheng市shi社she區qu的de建jian設she,當dang然ran因yin為wei我wo國guo城cheng市shi園yuan林lin環huan境jing複fu雜za,這zhe就jiu決jue定ding了le不bu同tong的de環huan境jing應ying該gai使shi用yong相xiang應ying的de防fang治zhi方fang法fa,或huo者zhe是shi不bu同tong防fang治zhi方fang法fa的de綜zong合he使shi用yong,所suo以yi本ben文wen提ti到dao的de五wu種zhong害hai蟲chong防fang治zhi方fang法fa在zai實shi際ji使shi用yong中zhong需xu要yao結jie合he當dang地di的de環huan境jing進jin行xing靈ling活huo的de搭da配pei,不bu能neng夠gou蠻man幹gan,否fou則ze不bu僅jin沒mei有you治zhi好hao病bing害hai,相xiang反fan還hai有you可ke能neng促cu進jin病bing害hai的de發fa展zhan。中國糧油儀器網 http://www.98fo.cn/



